The Choir of Canterbury Cathedral was destroyed by fire and was rebuilt by a French master builder from Sens, William of Sens, between 11. The style quickly appeared in England, where it was called simply "The French style". The first Gothic cathedral in France, Sens Cathedral, was begun between 11 and consecrated in 1164. The Gothic style first appeared in France at the Abbey of Saint Denis, near Paris, with the rebuilding of the ambulatory and west facade of the abbey church by the Abbot Suger (1135–40). Technical advances, such as innovative uses of the pointed arch, rib vault and flying buttress, allowed the churches and cathedral to become much taller and stronger with larger windows and more light. The appearance of the great cathedrals in the 12th century was a response to the dramatic increase of population and wealth in some parts of Europe and the need for larger and more imposing buildings. Many smaller parish churches were also built in the Gothic style. Abbeys were the churches attached to monasteries. The appearance of the Gothic cathedral was not only a revolution in architecture it also introduced new forms in decoration, sculpture, and art.Ĭathedrals were by definition churches where a bishop presided. They were the tallest and largest buildings of their time and the most prominent examples of Gothic architecture. The cathedrals are notable particularly for their great height and their extensive use of stained glass to fill the interiors with light. Gothic cathedrals and churches are religious buildings created in Europe between the mid-12th century and the beginning of the 16th century. Top: Notre-Dame de Paris Salisbury Cathedral: Centre: buttresses of Cologne Cathedral, facade statuary of Chartres Cathedral Bottom: windows of Sainte-Chapelle, Paris
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